What is programming in general?

Programming is just instructions that a computer will execute. There are what they call programming languages. Programming languages will change the way you would write code to acquire something. For example, to output "Hello, World!" in a programming language called Python you would write Print("Hello, World!") In Javascript it would be console.log("Hello, World!")

What is syntax?

Syntax in programming terms controls the structure and what it looks like. In Python after you make an "if" statement you have to indent or the program will not work. An if statement is where a program will check if a condition is met and it will execute code. Example: if h > b: print("h is bigger than b.") You are most likely wondering how h is bigger than b. It is because h and b are what we call variables. A variable is like a box. You can put things in that box and take things out of the box. In programming you can put letters and numbers in variables. So let us say that in the program we put the number 5 in h. To do that we would have to put h = 5. We can do the same thing to b. b = 3. The if statement then will see if the number in h is bigger than the number in b. If it is, the code under the if statement will be executed.

What does code look like?

Code can either be easy to read or it can be a pain to read. There is no ideal way to make code look easy to read, yet something like adding line spaces can turn code from x=5;y=4;z=x+y;
into
x = 5;
y = 6;
z = x + y;
Most programs are likely to look something like the one with line spaces.

What are the types/jobs of programming, and where can I learn programming?

There are many types of programming. One common type is web programming. That's where you either type front-end code, or back-end code. Front-end code is where you write code to design a web page. The back-end is where the logic and problem solving skills come in. The back-end code is doing the operations for the website so it can function. Another common type of programming is computer programming. Computer programmers will write code to create programs so the computer works or they will write code to create programs such as video games, web browsers(google, firefox, ect), or operation programs.(calculator, antivirus, ect)
To learn to code you should go get a book from the library or you can go to w3schools.I recommend learning Python.

A simple Python program broke down.

FirstNumber=0
operator=0
SecondNumber=0

FirstNumber= input("First Number:")
operator = input("operator:")
SecondNumber = input("Second Number:")

if operator == "+":
__sum = int(FirstNumber) + int(SecondNumber )
__print("Answer =", sum)
elif operator == "-":
__difference = int(FirstNumber) - int(SecondNumber )
__print("Answer =", difference)
elif operator == "/":
__quotient = int(FirstNumber) / int(SecondNumber )
__print("Answer =", quotient)
else:
__product = int(FirstNumber) * int(SecondNumber)
__print("Answer =", product)